What Credit Score Is Needed to Buy a House?

A mortgage pre-approval will give you a clearer picture of your purchasing budget, and a mortgage pre-approval letter will give you greater bargaining power in the eyes of sellers. Quintessential Mortgage Group can help you with the pre–approval process so you can shop smarter for your next home.

What is a mortgage pre-approval?

While many factors come into play when you are looking to qualify for a mortgage to buy a home, your credit score is one of the most important. Lenders are much more likely to approve your loan request if you have a great credit score and a healthy income. They will likely offer you more favorable terms, such as a better interest rate.

Qualifying for a lower mortgage interest rate can save you tens of thousands of dollars over the life of your loan. However, before you can start working toward improving your score, you must first know what credit score is needed for a mortgage loan.

Pre-approval vs. pre-qualification

Pre-approval and pre-qualification  are both ways of determining your purchase budget. And while some lenders use the terms interchangeably, they are not the same. During pre-qualification, you’ll simply provide an overview of your income, monthly debts, and other financial information, and you’ll receive a rough estimate of your maximum loan amount. 

Your mortgage lender will not check your credit report during pre-qualification. This makes the process much less accurate than pre-approval. However, pre-qualification has its advantages. Pre-qualification can give you a general idea of your price range, which can help you start the process of looking for a home.

Home loans credit score requirements

Some loans like a conventional loan might require a credit score of minimum 620, while other type of mortgage loans such as a VA or FHA loan might accept credit scores of 500 or higher.  

Lenders are much more likely to approve your loan request if you have a great credit score and a healthy income. They will likely offer you more favorable terms, such as a better interest rate. Qualifying for a lower interest rate can save you tens of thousands of dollars over the life of your loan. 

However, before you can start working toward improving your score, you must first know what credit score is needed for a home loan.   

What factors go into a credit score?

Many different factors influence your credit score, including: 

  • Payment history: refers to your history of making debt payments on time. Frequent late payments will drag down your score, while a good repayment history will strengthen it. 
  • Credit usage: refers to the percentage of available credit you are using. For instance, if you have a credit card with a $10,000 limit and carry a balance of $1,000, your usage is only 10%. 
  • Length of credit history: refers to how old your accounts are. Older accounts have a positive impact on your score. Recently opened accounts will have less impact and can even decrease your score. 
  • Number of recently opened accounts: refers to how many recent account you have opened. 
  • Types of credit: if all you have are a few low-limit credit cards, your score will be lower than if you have a high-value auto loan that is in good standing. 

5 ways to improve your credit score to buy a home

If you want to improve your credit score to buy a home, then you should:

1. Pay everything on time, every time.

Late payments hurt more than almost anything else. Even one 30-day late can knock your score down for months. Set up autopay for at least the minimum on all accounts so you never miss a due date.

2. Lower your credit card balances.

Your score improves when you use less of your available credit. Try to keep each card below 30 percent of its limit, and ideally closer to 10 percent if you can. You don’t have to pay cards to zero, just consistently lower the balances.

3. Don’t close old credit cards.

Older accounts help your score because they lengthen your credit history. If you close them, you can shorten your history and reduce your available credit, both of which can hurt your score.

4. Avoid opening new accounts right before applying.

New credit pulls and new accounts can temporarily drop your score. If you’re planning to buy, pause on store cards, car loans, or financing offers until after your mortgage closes.

5. Fix errors on your credit report

Check your report at AnnualCreditReport.com. If something is wrong, dispute it in writing with the credit bureau. Correcting mistakes can give your score a real boost.

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